A map from 1872 details some original cattle trails that ran through Texas after the Civil War.

The Caddo Nation mined salt for over eight hundred years, and this activity remained an Arkansas industry into the 19th century.

Sophia Suttenfield Aughinbaugh Coffee Butt Porter was one of the more colorful characters to inhabit the Red River Valley.

The life of Polly Ann Colbert, a Chickasaw Free Woman, is a history lesson of Indian Territory.

The re-taking of forts in Indian Territory was one minor focus of Grant's Vicksburg campaign in the Civil War.

Comanches received rations of food as well as monies to offset the loss of territory at Fort Supply.

Fort Belknap became an important trading hub for Anglo settlement into the Comanceria.

Establishing the Chickasaw Nation along the Red River proved to be a long ordeal.

The Shawnees were originally from the Ohio River, not the Red River.

The Kiowas of the Oklahoma Plains created a unique horse and buffalo hunting culture.

Wavell's Grant was the second empressario granted by Mexcio for Texas, but there were already illegal squatters.

The Osage Nation claims to have held territory from the Ohio to the Red River Valley of the South.

The Choctaw Nation was the first of the "five civilized tribes" to face removal into Indian Territory.

The Chisholm Trail was mostly known as the Abilene Cattle Trail through Indian Territory.

The Trail of Tears for the Choctaws ended at a little place called Ultima Thule, and the beginning of their new home was Eagletown.

Brown's Spring in Love County, Oklahoma is a natural spring about 200 yards from the Red River.

The Wichitas were the people of the Cross Timbers.

The original homelands of the Caddos consist of the Red River Valley from southeastern Oklahoma to Natchitoches, Louisiana.

The Butterfield Overland Mail Route was the first transcontinental road in the United States.

By the late 1830s, Boggy Depot centered the Choctaw/ Chickasaw Nation.