Reconstruction

The Camp Napoleon Treaty

A Peace Treaty that wasn't supposed to be peaceful was signed by the tribes southern Indian Territory at Camp Napoleon in May 1865.

Eugene Woodruff: Victim of Yellow Fever at Shreveport

The Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1873 claimed several victims in Shreveport, including Eugene Woodruff, who removed the Raft of the Red River.

The Colfax Massacre

The Colfax Massacre along the Red River was the most violent episode in Reconstruction Louisiana.

Racialist Deflection: Violence in the Red River Valley

The Red River Valley witnessed racialist violence, based on whites deflecting, throughout the first half of the 20th century.

The Paris Lynching of Henry Smith

The public lynching of Henry Smith in Paris, Texas in 1893 was detailed in a commemorative book by his murderers.

Cullen Baker, Reconstruction-Era Mass Murderer in the Red River Valley

Psychopath Cullen Baker's despicable Reconstruction-era crimes in the Red River Valley make him a mass-murderer.

Some Freedmen's Bureau Records from the Red River Valley

Records by the Freedmen's Bureau from the Red River Valley describe horrors.

Garland in Bowie County, Texas

East of DeKalb, Bowie County, Texas and a few miles south of the Red River is the tiny community of Garland.

Union Relics from the Red River Campaign at Bailey's Dam, Alexandria, Louisiana

Nathan Banks, Union general, left a relic of the Red River Campaign at Bailey's Dam in Alexandria, Louisiana.