From 1893 to 1920, Rainy Mountain Indian School "Americanized" children from the Kiowa and Apache tribes, and now lies as an unmarked ruin.

Wegefarth County was platted and promoted in 1873 to white homesteaders to push out native people.

The Cossatot River derives from a French word meaning"crushed head," and in 1833, it was to be spanned by a toll bridge.

The Cross Timbers is well defined on this 1844 map by Josiah Gregg.

Mercer's Colony in northeast Texas received permission in January of 1844 to form a separate land grant process from Peters Colony.

A map from 1872 details some original cattle trails that ran through Texas after the Civil War.

Bianca Babb was seven years old when she was abducted by Comanches after her mother was killed in a raid.

The Pawnee/ Wichita village that George Catlin sketched was abandoned by the 1860s.

Why was there an outrage about this map that landed in the newspapers?

The U.S. Army was instrumental in the slaughter of bison to destroy the Plains tribes.

Sophia Suttenfield Aughinbaugh Coffee Butt Porter was one of the more colorful characters to inhabit the Red River Valley.

The life of Polly Ann Colbert, a Chickasaw Free Woman, is a history lesson of Indian Territory.

In a description of his travels to Texas, Olmsted and his party pushed on to Gaines Ferry on the Sabine River.

The people in Southwestern Arkansas before the Civil War were much more populist and had a strong free-soil expansionist base.

The bones of the Natchez warriorss could be seen there years afterwards at Lake Sang pour Sang — "Blood for Blood."

Top o' Hill Terrace was one the biggest gambling halls, bordellos, and speakeasies in the Southwest.

Comanches received rations of food as well as monies to offset the loss of territory at Fort Supply.

Fort Sill represents the Old West and flourishes as the last remaining, active military post that was built during the Indian wars.

More than any other fort at or near the Red River Valley, Fort Richardson embodies American Indian reservation policy.

Fort Griffin marked the boundary line ("the frontier") between Native American lands and white settlement ("civilization").